In the constantly developing world of technology, edge computing is a smart idea that brings computing and data storage closer to where data is created. It sounds simple, but this approach has huge potential for many industries, especially in industrial settings where fast processing, minimal delay, and strong connections are crucial. Edge computing has been used in IT environments for several years, with its origins dating back to the early 2000s. However, it has gained significant attention and widespread adoption in recent years due to the exponential growth of connected devices, the Internet of Things, and the increasing demand for real-time data processing and analysis.

Despite its increasing importance in both IT and OT environments, there are distinct differences in their focus and applications. The adoption of edge computing in the IT environment has surged ahead, but because OT environments prioritise real-time control, safety, reliability, and maintaining operational continuity, integrating edge computing into the OT environment has been a slower process. Nevertheless, leveraging edge computing in OT enhances operations by enabling faster, more efficient data analysis, predictive maintenance, and improved decision-making capabilities.

What is Edge Computing?

Edge computing refers to a decentralised computing infrastructure where data processing and storage occur at the network edge. Unlike traditional cloud computing models, which rely on central data centres, edge computing empowers organisations to process data locally, reducing latency and enhancing real-time decision-making capabilities. By enabling data analysis and processing at or near the point of origin, edge computing minimises the need to transmit vast amounts of data to distant cloud servers, in turn optimising network bandwidth and improving overall system performance.

Where is the Edge?

As hinted at earlier, the edge typically refers to the “edge” of the network. However, the edge in edge computing can be physically distributed across various locations, depending on the application and requirements. It can exist within a water processing plant, on a remote oil rig, or within a smart city infrastructure. The exact location of the edge is determined by the need for low latency, local processing, and proximity to the data source. In essence, the edge is wherever the critical data generation and processing occur, ensuring rapid response times and reducing reliance on centralised cloud infrastructures.

What are the applications in Industrial Environments?

Edge computing has found significant applications across various industrial sectors, including Resources, Smart Cities and Infrastructure, Utilities and Transport.

In the energy sector, edge computing plays a crucial role in the management of power grids and renewable energy systems. By leveraging real-time data processing at the edge, utility companies can enhance grid stability, optimise energy distribution, and respond swiftly to fluctuating demands.

For smart cities and infrastructure, edge computing enables operators to collect and process real-time data from various IoT devices and sensors, including traffic patterns, air quality, waste management, and energy usage. This instant data processing allows for immediate responses and better decision-making. Another important factor for smart cities is Smart Traffic Management, with edge computing analysing traffic conditions locally, optimises traffic flow and reducing travel time.

What are the differing Edge Technologies:

Edge computing encompasses a range of technologies that work in tandem to deliver efficient and scalable solutions. These technologies include edge servers, edge gateways, edge analytics, and edge devices. Edge servers, often located near the data source, handle data processing and storage tasks, providing computing power at the edge of the network. Edge gateways act as intermediaries between edge devices and cloud services, enabling seamless integration and secure data transfer. Edge analytics refers to the capability of performing advanced data analysis and processing at the edge, enabling real-time insights and decision-making. Lastly, edge devices encompass a wide range of sensors, actuators, and intelligent devices that collect and generate data at the edge.

With applications spanning across multiple industries, edge computing is changing the way organisations leverage data for decision-making. By bringing computation closer to the edge, organisations can minimise latency, improve response times and empower decision-makers to make informed choices.